ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to
highlight and examine the factors that are needed to be put in place by the
management so that organization can achieve its objectives through effective
utilization of its human resources. The organization is used for this study Big
Joe Motors Limited, Edo State. To guide the researcher in carrying out a
successful study, research questionnaires and hypotheses were formulated for
the study, 140 questionnaires were recovered out of 160 copies administered.
Data collected were analyzed using simple percentage methods for the social
hypotheses that were formulated. It was discovered that adequate training and
development together with managements/leadership style besides provision of
necessary physical conditions are vital towards the realization of corporate
objectives. It was therefore recommended that an organization must ensure that
salaries paid are commensurate with what is obtainable in similar organization
within the same industry and that management should recognize that employees
are motivated by different factors such as personal growth, recognition by
employer, good condition of service and so on.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Title Page - - - - - - - - i
Approval - - - - - - - - ii
Certification - - - - - - - - iii
Dedication - - - - - - - - iv
Acknowledgements - - - - - - - v
Table of
Contents - - - - - - - vii
List of
Tables/Figures - - - - - - - ix
Abstract - - - - - - - x
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction - - - - - 1
1.1 Background of the Study - - - - - 2
1.2 Statement of the Study - - - - - 3
1.3 Objective of the Study - - - - - 3
1.4 Research Questions - - - - - 4
1.5 Statement of the Hypotheses - - - - - 4
1.6 Scope of the Study - - - - - 5
1.7 Significance of the Study - - - - - 5
1.8 Limitations of the Study - - - - - 6
1.9 Operational Definition of Terms - - - - 7
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review - - - - - - 8
2.1 Introduction - - - - - - 8
2.2 The Review - - - - - - 8
2.3 Summary of the Review- - - - - - 13
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research
Method - - - - - - 36
3.1 Introduction - - - - - - 36
3.2 Research Design - - - - - - 36
3.3 Population of the Study - - - - - - 36
3.4 Sample and Sampling Technique - - - - 37
3.5 Instrumentation - - - - - - 38
3.6 Method of Data Collection - - - - - 38
3.7 Method of Data Analysis - - - - - 39
CHAPTER FOUR:
4.0 Data Presentation, Analysis and Discussion
of Findings 41
4.1 Introduction - - - - - 41
4.2 Data Presentation and Interpretation - - - 41
4.3 Data Analysis and Hypothesis(es) Testing - - - 44
4.4 Discussion of Findings - - - - - 49
CHAPTER FIVE:
5.0 Summary, Conclusion, Recommendations and Suggested 52
5.1 Introduction - - - - - 52
5.2 Summary of Findings - - - - - 52
5.3 Conclusion - - - - - 53
5.4 Recommendations - - - - - 54
5.5 Suggested Areas for further Studies - - - - 55
References - - - - - 56
Appendices - - - - - 57
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The human resources of a business are
collectively known as manpower. This can be skilled, operative, unskilled
workers, supervisor and managerial staff. In the business environment,
investments are constantly made on resources man, machine equipment and raw
materials. In all these man has been as the most important and valued assets.
Every organization has its aim and objectives
the important of human resource in achieving these aim and objectives can be
under estimated. No matter the assets and materials resources are the most
valuable as earlier mentioned?
If human
resources are utilized effectively, the organization will most likely achieve
it objectives. For production to take place, four basic factors are necessary
these are land, labour, capital and entrepreneur. Labour which can also be
referred to as human resources is regarded as the most important factor because
they co-ordinate the other factors in order to achieve optimum production level.
Individual like
organization has objectives that need to be meant. Some of the individual
objective includes ability to meet basic and social needs, recognition of
effort and sense of fulfillment from being associated with an organization.
Human resources management involves getting the best suited personnel for a job
and getting the most efficient ability out of them.
However, we still
find out that many organizations do not achieve organizational goals, even with
overstaffing, production still fall below expectations due to lack of adequate
skills and training and development lack of motivational schemes and above all
lack of close supervision.
Therefore, it is
the task of this research to highlight and examine all the factors that are
yielded to be put in place by the management, so that organization can achieve
its objectives through effective utilization of its human resources.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Come to look at
the situation of things in the organization these days the problem an organization
faces in regard to the level of productivity is traceable to the poor
utilization of human resources.
This project work
is aimed at delving into the causes of these problems and brings out a profound
solution to the problems.
These problems
could be as a result of over utilization or even marginal utilization of the
available resources.
In deciding on
any of these causes we should focus attention on the level of capacity in the
organization experiencing an assess capacity or below capacity.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Every
organization has its goal and objectives, hence for the achievement of the
corporate goals and survival, staff needs and requirement must be adequately
planned. Also there should be a close supervision of staff for better performance.
For the purpose of this project the following research questions will be
useful.
(a) What role
can training and development programme play in the effective and efficient
performance of human resources?
(b)Do human resources need to be properly
motivated for organization to achieve its objective?
(c) Does close
supervision assist in realizing organizational goal?
(d)
It is necessary for an organization to introduce incentives and
fringe benefits to boost morale of employees for maximum productivity?
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
Specifically, the
research is aimed among other things to enable employer/employee understand the
following;
(a) To identify
the relationship between personnel development and manpower planning.
(b)To ascertain the level of human resource
utilization.
(c) To identify
the relevance of manpower planning in an organization.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
For an in-depth
research and in order to achieve the objective of this study.
The following
research questions have been adopted;
i)
How do you achieve organizational goals through effective
utilization of human resources in Big Joe Motors?
ii)
Does this business accelerates development and contribute to the
environment and the society?
1.5 STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESES
The following
hypothesis drawn from this research work.
Ho: Close
supervision does not assist in realizing organizational goal.
Hi: Close
supervision assist in realizing organizational goal.
Ho:
Productivity will not increase under unqualified staff/management oriented
organization.
Hi:
Productivity will increase under unqualified staff/management oriented
organization.
Ho: Incentives
and fringe benefits are not factors that boost the morals of the employee
towards maximum productivity.
Hi: Incentives
and fringe benefit are factors that boost the moral of the employee towards
maximum productivity.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This study will
be limited to Benin City, Edo State. The scope is designed to study the
activities or factors necessary for an organization to achieve its objectives
and goals through effective utilization of human resources with particular
reference to Big Joe Motors, Benin City, Edo State.
This research
will also delve into such areas like goals and plans of organization, skills,
investors, manpower forecasting, manpower development, training need,
recruitment process and career goals.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research
work will benefit or be of great help to lots of business organization’s
decision of making optimum use of its employee/manpower for the realization of
its objectives as man has always been included as the most important and valued
asset by most management. Lack of good utilization of the human resources is
bound to lead to poor performances.
Furthermore this
research will also be of tremendous benefit to business administrators,
personnel managers, chief executive officers, and leaders in the various levels
in the organization etc. on the best ways to motivate employees for optimum
productivity.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
In the course of
this study, certain hindrances and constraints were encouraged among which are;
(a) Due to
limited resources, the research work will be conducted in an organization with
reference to Big Joe Motors, Benin City, Edo State.
(b)Inability to interview as many professionals
and chief executives officers as possible because of their tight schedule.
(c) Financial
and time constraint which limit this study to Benin City area only.
(d)
Finally, the problem of high cost of stationary and
transportation.
1.9 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
Organizational
Development: Is a deliberately
planned, organization wide effort to increase an organizational effectiveness
and efficiency. Is a systematic learning and development strategy, intended to
change the basics of beliefs, attitudes and relevance of values, and structure
of the current organization to better absorb, disruptive technologies exploding
market opportunities and ensuing challenges and chars.
Planning: It means
deciding in advance what to do, when to do it, who to do it, why it should be
done, where to do it and how it should be done. Also “planning as a process to
develop a strategy to achieve desired objectives to solve problems and to
facilitate action” (Mitchell 2012).
Personnel
Development: This is the process of
improving the efficiency and effectiveness of an individual employee. Also the
process of improving oneself through such activities as enhancing employment.
Organization:
An
organization is a social entity that has a collective goal and is linked to an
external environment or business establishment.
Personnel: it means employee’s workers or the workforce is an
organization, also means workers in an organization or members of the armed
forces.
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